Chennai-based Endovascular & IR Specialist, Dr. Ravindran Ramalingam offers minimally invasive, scar-free treatments ensuring faster recovery and minimal pain.

Endovascular &
IR Specialist

Center Address
Gleneagles Health City, Perumbakkam, Chennai, TN

Dr. Ravindran Ramalingam is a Chennai-based Endovascular & Interventional Radiology (IR) Specialist with over a decade of experience, delivering minimally invasive, scar-free treatments for faster recovery, less pain, and shorter hospital stays.

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Genicular Artery Embolization

A Non-Surgical Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis Pain

Chronic knee pain due to osteoarthritis can limit walking, daily activities, and quality of life. Genicular Artery Embolization (GAE) is a modern, minimally invasive, non-surgical treatment that reduces knee pain by targeting abnormal blood vessels causing inflammation — without knee replacement surgery.

👉 Struggling with knee pain despite medicines or injections?

What Is Genicular Artery Embolization?

Genicular Artery Embolization (GAE) is a minimally invasive, image-guided procedure used to reduce chronic knee pain caused by osteoarthritis.

GAE works by:

  • Blocking abnormal inflamed blood vessels around the knee
  • Reducing inflammation
  • Decreasing pain signals
  • Improving knee function and mobility
  • No surgery
  • No joint replacement
  • No cuts or stitches
  • Faster recovery

Why Is Genicular Artery Embolization Done?

GAE is mainly done for:

  • Chronic knee pain due to osteoarthritis
  • Patients who do not get enough relief from medicines, physiotherapy, or injections
  • Patients who want to delay or avoid knee replacement surgery
  • People who are not fit for surgery or prefer a less invasive option

Main goals:

  • Reduce knee pain
  • Improve walking and daily activities
  • Decrease dependence on painkillers
  • Delay or avoid knee surgery
  • Improve quality of life

How Is Genicular Artery Embolization Done?

GAE is performed by an interventional radiologist using advanced imaging guidance.

Step-by-step process:

  • Local anesthesia is given (you stay awake and comfortable)
  • A thin catheter is inserted through a small puncture in the groin or wrist
  • The blood vessels supplying the knee (genicular arteries) are identified
  • Tiny particles are injected to block abnormal inflammatory vessels
  • Blood flow to healthy tissues is preserved
  • Catheter is removed and a small bandage is applied

What Are the Risks?

Genicular artery embolization is generally safe, with most side effects being mild and temporary.

Possible risks with approximate incidence include:

  • Mild knee pain or discomfort – common (20–30%)
  • Temporary skin redness or warmth – common (15–20%)
  • Bruising at puncture site – common (10–15%)
  • Temporary swelling – uncommon (5–10%)
  • Skin discoloration or numbness – rare (<5%)
  • Infection – very rare (<1%)
  • Non-target embolization – extremely rare (<1%)

What Are the Alternatives?

Treatment options for chronic knee pain depend on:

  • Your pain severity and daily activity limitations
  • Overall health and existing medical conditions
  • Personal preferences and lifestyle needs

Often, a combination of treatments is used to achieve better pain control.

Alternative 1: Pain Medications

  • Commonly used to manage chronic knee pain and inflammation
  • May provide relief for mild to moderate pain
  • In some patients, pain relief may be inadequate or temporary
  • Strong pain medicines (opioids) can lead to dependence or addiction with long-term use

Alternative 2: Physical Therapy

  • Helps strengthen muscles around the knee joint
  • Improves flexibility and joint stability
  • Can reduce stiffness and scar tissue
  • Most effective in early or moderate joint problems

Alternative 3: Acupuncture

  • May offer pain relief in some individuals
  • Results vary from person to person
  • Often used as a supportive or complementary therapy

Alternative 4: Steroid Injections

  • Steroid medicines injected directly into the knee joint
  • Help reduce inflammation and pain
  • Relief may be temporary, and pain can return
  • Repeat injections may be required
  • Commonly tried before moving to more invasive treatments

Alternative 5: Joint Surgery or Joint Replacement

  • Includes joint repair or complete joint replacement
  • Can provide significant and long-lasting pain relief
  • Requires hospitalization and longer recovery time
  • Not suitable for everyone, especially patients with other medical conditions

Choosing the Right Joint Pain Treatment

Every patient’s condition is unique. A detailed assessment helps identify the most effective, safest, and least invasive treatment option, based on symptoms, health status, and recovery goals.

📌 Compared to surgery, GAE is non-surgical, repeatable, and preserves the knee joint.

What Happens After Your Procedure?

Recovery after GAE is usually quick.

After the procedure:

  • Mild knee soreness may last a few days
  • Pain relief usually starts within 1–3 weeks
  • Improvement continues over 1–3 months
  • Most patients walk the same day
  • Normal activities resume in 2–3 days
  • Physiotherapy may be advised for best results

Many patients report significant pain reduction and improved mobility.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) – Genicular Artery Embolization

Genicular artery embolization (GAE) is a minimally invasive, non-surgical procedure used to reduce chronic knee pain caused by osteoarthritis by blocking abnormal inflammatory blood vessels around the knee.

Yes. GAE is a safe and well-studied procedure when performed by an experienced interventional radiologist. Serious complications are very rare.

GAE is suitable for patients who:

  • Have chronic knee pain due to osteoarthritis
  • Do not get relief from medicines or injections
  • Want to delay or avoid knee replacement surgery
  • Have mild to moderate osteoarthritis

Clinical studies show that 70–85% of patients experience significant reduction in knee pain and improvement in mobility after GAE.

Many patients begin to notice pain relief within 1–3 weeks, with continued improvement over 1–3 months.

GAE does not cure osteoarthritis, but it reduces inflammation and pain, allowing patients to move better and improve quality of life.

The procedure itself is painless as it is done under local anesthesia. Mild knee discomfort or soreness may occur for a few days after the procedure.

Recovery is quick. Most patients:

  • Walk the same day
  • Resume daily activities in 2–3 days
  • Avoid strenuous exercise for about a week

GAE is not a replacement for knee replacement in advanced arthritis, but it is an excellent non-surgical option to delay or avoid surgery in suitable patients.

Yes. GAE can be safely repeated if pain returns or if additional symptom relief is needed.

Yes. GAE is available in specialized centers in India and is performed by trained interventional radiologists using advanced imaging technology.

You should consider GAE if:

  • Knee pain limits walking or daily activities
  • Medications and injections no longer help
  • You want a non-surgical pain relief option

Why Choose Genicular Artery Embolization?

  • Non-surgical knee pain treatment
  • No knee replacement
  • No scars or stitches
  • Performed under local anesthesia
  • Faster recovery than surgery
  • Preserves natural knee joint

Take the Next Step — Without Surgery

If knee pain is limiting your movement, independence, or lifestyle, you don’t have to wait for knee replacement.

Genicular Artery Embolization offers a modern, minimally invasive alternative for knee osteoarthritis pain.