Chennai-based Endovascular & IR Specialist, Dr. Ravindran Ramalingam offers minimally invasive, scar-free treatments ensuring faster recovery and minimal pain.

Endovascular &
IR Specialist

Center Address
Gleneagles Health City, Perumbakkam, Chennai, TN

Dr. Ravindran Ramalingam is a Chennai-based Endovascular & Interventional Radiology (IR) Specialist with over a decade of experience, delivering minimally invasive, scar-free treatments for faster recovery, less pain, and shorter hospital stays.

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Thyroid FNAC

A Simple, Safe Test to Evaluate Thyroid Nodules

Being told that you have a thyroid nodule can be worrying. The good news is that most thyroid nodules are benign (non-cancerous).

Thyroid FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) is a quick, safe, and reliable test used to find out the nature of a thyroid nodule without surgery.

👉 Found a thyroid lump or nodule?

What Is Thyroid FNAC?

Thyroid FNAC is a minimally invasive diagnostic test in which a very thin needle is used to collect cells from a thyroid nodule.

It helps to:

  • Determine if the nodule is benign or suspicious
  • Decide whether surgery is needed or not
  • Avoid unnecessary thyroid operations
  • Plan further treatment accurately
  • No surgery

  • No stitches

  • Done in minutes

  • Same-day procedure

What Are Thyroid Nodules?

Thyroid nodules are small lumps or swellings in the thyroid gland, located in the front of the neck.

They are very common and may:

  • Be discovered during self-examination
  • Be found on ultrasound or scan
  • Cause no symptoms at all

Most thyroid nodules are:

  • Benign
  • Slow growing
  • Not cancer

However, testing is important to rule out cancer and plan proper care.

How Is Thyroid FNAC Done?

Thyroid FNAC is usually performed under ultrasound guidance for accuracy.

Step-by-step procedure:

  • You lie comfortably on the examination table
  • The skin over the neck is cleaned
  • A thin needle is inserted into the thyroid nodule
  • A few cells are gently aspirated
  • The needle is removed, and light pressure is applied

What Are the Risks?

Thyroid FNAC is extremely safe. Complications are uncommon and usually mild.

Possible risks with approximate incidence include:

  • Mild pain or discomfort – common (10–20%)
  • Minor bruising or swelling – common (5–10%)
  • Small hematoma (blood collection) – uncommon (<5%)
  • Temporary voice change – very rare (<1%)

Infection – extremely rare (<0.1%)

What Are the Alternatives?

The best approach depends on:

  • Your overall health and symptoms
  • The size, location, and appearance of the lump or spot
  • Clinical suspicion and your doctor’s recommendation

Each option has its own benefits and limitations.

Alternative 1: No FNAC

  • Avoids the procedure altogether
  • However, without FNAC, doctors may find it difficult to make an accurate diagnosis
  • This may lead to delayed or inappropriate treatment if the condition is serious

Alternative 2: Watchful Waiting (Imaging Follow-Up)

  • Regular monitoring with ultrasound examinations
  • Used to check if the spot grows or changes over time
  • Avoids immediate invasive testing
  • Main limitation: treatment may be delayed if the spot turns out to be harmful

Alternative 3: Surgical Removal

  • Involves surgically removing the lump or lesion
  • Considered a more invasive option
  • Has higher risks and requires a longer recovery period
  • Surgeons often prefer a confirmed diagnosis before proceeding with surgery

Choosing the Right Diagnostic Option

FNAC offers a quick, minimally invasive way to reach a diagnosis, helping guide the most appropriate treatment while avoiding unnecessary surgery or delays.

📌 FNAC is the first and most commonly recommended test for thyroid nodules.

What Happens After Your Procedure?

After Thyroid FNAC:

  • You can go home immediately
  • Normal activities can be resumed the same day
  • Mild soreness, if present, settles within a day
  • Avoid heavy pressure on the neck for a few hours
  • Biopsy report is usually available within a few days

Your doctor will explain the results and guide further steps if needed.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) – Thyroid FNAC

Thyroid FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) is a simple, minimally invasive test used to collect cells from a thyroid nodule to check whether it is benign or suspicious.

Thyroid FNAC helps:

  • Rule out thyroid cancer
  • Avoid unnecessary surgery
  • Decide the best treatment plan
  • Reassure patients when nodules are benign

Most patients feel only mild discomfort, similar to a blood test. The procedure is usually quick and well tolerated.

Yes. Thyroid FNAC is a very safe and commonly performed procedure with a very low risk of complications.

The procedure usually takes 5–10 minutes and is done as an outpatient test.

Local anesthesia is usually not required, as a very thin needle is used.

No. The needle used is very fine, and there is no visible scar after the procedure.

Risks are minimal and may include:

  • Mild pain or discomfort
  • Minor bruising or swelling
    Serious complications are extremely rare.

Thyroid FNAC is highly accurate for distinguishing benign from suspicious thyroid nodules and is the first-line test worldwide.

FNAC reports are usually available within 2–5 days, depending on the laboratory.

No. Thyroid FNAC is a diagnostic test, not a treatment. It helps guide further management.

Yes. FNAC can detect cancerous and suspicious cells, helping doctors plan timely treatment if needed.

In most cases, regular medicines can be continued. Your doctor will advise if any adjustment is required.

No. It is an outpatient procedure, and you can go home immediately after the test.

You should consider Thyroid FNAC if:

  • A thyroid nodule is detected on scan
  • The nodule is increasing in size
  • Your doctor advises further evaluation

Why Choose Thyroid FNAC?

  • Simple and quick procedure
  • No surgery or scars
  • Accurate diagnosis
  • Avoids unnecessary thyroid removal
  • Same-day discharge

Take the Next Step With Confidence

If you have a thyroid nodule, early and accurate diagnosis brings peace of mind.

Thyroid FNAC is the safest first step.